What are the hair-like cellular extensions from the epidermal layer in roots called?

The hair-like cellular extensions from the epidermal layer in roots are called root hairs. These structures play a crucial role in the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Root hairs significantly increase the surface area of the root system, allowing for enhanced absorption efficiency. They extend from the root's surface and are responsible for the majority of the water and mineral uptake, which is essential for the plant's growth and overall health.

The other options do not represent the hair-like extensions; rather, they refer to different parts of the root. The cortex is the layer of tissue between the epidermis and the vascular tissue, primarily involved in storage. The endodermis is the innermost layer of the cortex that regulates the flow of water and nutrients into the vascular system. The root cap is a protective structure at the tip of the root that helps the plant navigate through the soil. Understanding the role of root hairs emphasizes their importance in establishing a plant's root system and its overall functionality.