What is the term for the region located above the elongation region, where cells begin to differentiate?

The term for the region located above the elongation region, where cells begin to differentiate, is known as the maturation region. In this part of the plant root, cells that have been produced in the elongation region start to take on specific functions and characteristics necessary for their roles in the plant. This process of differentiation is crucial for establishing various cell types that will contribute to the overall function of the plant, such as those involved in nutrient absorption and structural support.

The maturation region follows the elongation zone, indicating that the cells have completed their initial growth phase and are now transitioning into functional roles. This is distinct from the other options, which refer to different parts or aspects of plant structure. The endodermis relates to a specific layer of cells that regulates water and nutrient uptake, while the cortex is a region that provides storage and support. The meristematic region consists of actively dividing cells where new growth occurs but does not pertain to the differentiated state of the cells above the elongation zone. Understanding the maturation region's role in cell differentiation is essential in comprehending plant development and physiology.