What is the term for plants that grow, flower, produce seeds, and die in two growing seasons?

The term for plants that grow, flower, produce seeds, and die within two growing seasons is "biennial plant." Biennials complete their life cycle over two years. In the first year, they typically focus on growing leaves, stems, and roots during the growing season. After experiencing a period of dormancy, they flower, produce seeds, and ultimately die in the second year.

Annual plants complete their life cycle in one growing season, while perennial plants can live for multiple years, continually growing and flowering. Deciduous plants refer to a broader category that typically sheds leaves seasonally, but this term does not specifically describe a lifecycle duration. Understanding these distinctions clarifies why biennials are specifically characterized by their two-year lifecycle.