What is the term for the type of camouflage where the upper and lower parts of an animal are colored differently?

The term for the type of camouflage where the upper and lower parts of an animal are colored differently is countershading. This adaptation serves as a form of camouflage that helps animals blend into their environments effectively. Typically, the upper side of an animal is darker than the underside, which counteracts the effects of light and shadow.

In terrestrial environments, this coloration allows an animal to appear flatter and less three-dimensional, especially when viewed from above against the darker ground or foliage. Conversely, when viewed from below, the lighter underside blends with the sky or brighter surroundings. This dual coloration helps reduce predation by making it more difficult for predators or prey to distinguish the animal in its natural habitat.

Recognizing countershading is important in understanding how it contributes to an animal's survival and the evolutionary pressures that shape its appearance.