What is the underground section of a plant that absorbs water and minerals called?

The underground section of a plant that absorbs water and minerals is called the root. Roots serve several vital functions for plants. Primarily, they anchor the plant securely in the soil, providing stability. Additionally, roots are specialized for the absorption of water and essential nutrients from the soil. This capability is crucial for the plant's growth and metabolism. The structure of roots, often featuring fine root hairs, increases the surface area available for absorption, facilitating efficient nutrient uptake.

In contrast, the stem primarily supports the plant and transports nutrients and water between the roots and leaves. Leaves are responsible for photosynthesis and gas exchange, while flowers are involved in reproduction. Each of these parts plays a distinct role, but it is specifically the roots that focus on the absorption of water and minerals from the soil.