What term describes a plant that blooms and produces seeds over two years or seasons?

The term that describes a plant that blooms and produces seeds over two years or seasons is "biennial plant." Biennial plants complete their life cycle in two years. During the first year, they typically focus on vegetative growth—developing roots, stems, and leaves. In the second year, they flower, produce seeds, and then die. This life cycle allows biennials to adapt to seasonal changes and optimize their reproductive success.

In contrast, annual plants complete their entire life cycle—including germination, flowering, seed production, and death—in a single growing season. Perennial plants live for multiple years, often flowering and producing seeds each growing season without dying after one cycle. Deciduous plants, while they may lose their leaves seasonally, do not specifically refer to a life cycle duration in terms of years for flowering and seed production. Thus, biennial accurately captures the unique two-year life cycle characteristic of the plant in question.