What term is used for the seasonal or annual movement of animals to better environmental conditions?

The term that describes the seasonal or annual movement of animals to better environmental conditions is "migrate." Migration is a behavioral adaptation that many species exhibit in response to changes in temperature, food availability, or other environmental factors. During migration, animals often travel long distances to find more suitable habitats that provide the resources they need to survive and reproduce.

This phenomenon is crucial for species such as birds, fish, and certain mammals, as it can greatly affect their survival and reproductive success. For instance, many birds migrate thousands of miles from breeding grounds in the north to warmer climates with abundant food supplies in the winter. This behavior is not merely a response to temperature changes, but also involves instinctual patterns that are crucial for the life cycle of these species.

In contrast, hibernation refers to a state of dormancy that animals enter during unfavorable environmental conditions, such as extreme cold or food scarcity. Foraging is the act of searching for and obtaining food, while roaming generally implies moving around without a specific purpose or destination. Therefore, the term "migrate" accurately captures the intentional movement of animals in response to seasonal changes and environmental factors.