What type of region begins cell differentiation to form various tissues in the root?

Cell differentiation in the root occurs primarily in the maturation region. This area is responsible for the final stages of root growth, where cells undergo specific changes to become specialized. During this process, the general cells that are formed in the earlier stages transition into distinct types of cells that make up various tissues within the root, such as the epidermis, cortex, and vascular tissues.

The maturation region is crucial because it is where the root cells complete their development and take on specific functions that are essential for the overall growth and health of the plant. Proper differentiation in this region enables the root to effectively anchor the plant and facilitate the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil.

In contrast, while the meristematic region does contribute to growth through the division of cells, it is not the primary site for differentiation. The elongation region is where cells increase in length, and the vascular cambium is primarily involved in lateral growth, contributing to the development of secondary tissues rather than the initial differentiation process occurring in the root's maturation region.